[Java] Release candidate verification only use JDK17 for validation (request to add JDK8,11,18)

### Describe the enhancement requested

As part of Arrow Java, current build process use JDK 8, 11, 17 and 18 versions for build validation.

Release candidate verification only use JDK17 for validation. Could be and improvement to also offer release candidate verification for JDK 8, 11 and 18 at the same time.

It's related with https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/35940

### Component(s)

Continuous Integration, Integration, Java, Packaging

Comece revisando a configuração de validação de build do Arrow Java e o pull request relacionado #35940. Considera-se concluído quando a verificação da release candidate for executada para JDK 8, 11, 17 e 18, em vez de apenas para JDK 17, e a validação for concluída para cada versão.

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