[Java] Support reading a subset of fields from an IPC file or stream

C++ supports `IpcReadOptions.included_fields` which lets you load a subset of (top-level) fields from an IPC file or stream, potentially saving on I/O costs. It would be useful to support this in Java as well. Some refactoring would be required since MessageSerializer currently reads record batch messages in as a whole, and it would be good to quantify how much of a benefit this provides in different scenarios.

**Reporter**: [David Li](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-17914) / @lidavidm

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [ARROW-17914](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-17914). Please see the [migration documentation](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/14542) for further details.*}

从 MessageSerializer 开始，跟踪当前如何从 IPC 文件和流中读取 record batch 消息。将期望的行为与 C++ IpcReadOptions.included_fields 进行比较，然后定义顶层字段选择应如何工作，并量化不同场景下的 I/O 收益。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。