Data race creating Tcl interpreters concurrently via `_tkinter.create` under free-threading

Bug report

Bug description:

_tkinter declares Py_MOD_GIL_NOT_USED, so under --disable-gil the GIL no longer serializes calls into it. _tkinter.create() creates a new Tcl interpreter with Tcl_CreateInterp():

https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/22a6c51c94a4fde986b8964f1d36d5ec3ac20dcc/Modules/_tkinter.c#L631-L643

reached from _tkinter_create_impl:

https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/22a6c51c94a4fde986b8964f1d36d5ec3ac20dcc/Modules/_tkinter.c#L3456-L3483

_tkinter does not serialize interpreter creation, so two threads calling _tkinter.create() run Tcl_CreateInterp() concurrently. That triggers Tcl's first-time global initialization, where Tcl_MutexLock lazily initializes a static mutex. That init is not concurrency-safe, so one thread's pthread_mutex_init (write) races with another thread's pthread_mutex_lock (atomic read) on the same Tcl global.

Reproducer:

import _tkinter
from threading import Thread

def worker():
    for _ in range(20000):
        try:
            _tkinter.create(None, '', 'Tk', False, 1, False, False, None)
        except Exception:
            pass

ts = [Thread(target=worker) for _ in range(12)]
for t in ts: t.start()
for t in ts: t.join()

TSAN Report (Tested on Linux, Tcl 8.6.14, with useTk=False):

==================
WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race (pid=650542)
  Atomic read of size 1 at 0x72a0000145d0 by thread T2:
    #0 pthread_mutex_lock <null> 
    #1 TclCreateExecEnv /usr/src/tcl8.6-8.6.14+dfsg-1build1/generic/tclExecute.c:936:5 
    #2 cfunction_vectorcall_FASTCALL /cpython/Objects/methodobject.c:449:24 
    #3 _PyObject_VectorcallTstate /cpython/./Include/internal/pycore_call.h:144:11 
    #4 PyObject_Vectorcall /cpython/Objects/call.c:327:12 
    #5 _Py_VectorCallInstrumentation_StackRefSteal /cpython/Python/ceval.c:768:11 
    #6 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault /cpython/Python/generated_cases.c.h:1906:35  

  Previous write of size 1 at 0x72a0000145d0 by thread T1 (mutexes: write M0):
    #0 pthread_mutex_init <null> 
    #1 Tcl_MutexLock /usr/src/tcl8.6-8.6.14+dfsg-1build1/unix/tclUnixThrd.c:430:6 
    #2 cfunction_vectorcall_FASTCALL /cpython/Objects/methodobject.c:449:24 
    #3 _PyObject_VectorcallTstate /cpython/./Include/internal/pycore_call.h:144:11 
    #4 PyObject_Vectorcall /cpython/Objects/call.c:327:12 
    #5 _Py_VectorCallInstrumentation_StackRefSteal /cpython/Python/ceval.c:768:11 
    #6 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault /cpython/Python/generated_cases.c.h:1906:35  

  Location is heap block of size 16384 at 0x72a000014000 allocated by thread T1:
    #0 malloc <null> 
    #1 GetBlocks /usr/src/tcl8.6-8.6.14+dfsg-1build1/generic/tclThreadAlloc.c:1044:17 
    #2 cfunction_vectorcall_FASTCALL /cpython/Objects/methodobject.c:449:24 
    #3 _PyObject_VectorcallTstate /cpython/./Include/internal/pycore_call.h:144:11 
    #4 PyObject_Vectorcall /cpython/Objects/call.c:327:12 
    #5 _Py_VectorCallInstrumentation_StackRefSteal /cpython/Python/ceval.c:768:11 
    #6 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault /cpython/Python/generated_cases.c.h:1906:35 

  Mutex M0 (0x7fffb1dff7a0) created at:
    #0 pthread_mutex_lock <null>
    #1 Tcl_MutexLock /usr/src/tcl8.6-8.6.14+dfsg-1build1/unix/tclUnixThrd.c:423:2 
    #2 _PyImport_RunModInitFunc /cpython/./Python/importdl.c:436:19 
    #3 import_run_extension /cpython/Python/import.c:2167:14
    #4 _imp_create_dynamic_impl /cpython/Python/import.c:5565:11 
    #5 _imp_create_dynamic /cpython/Python/clinic/import.c.h:489:20 
    #6 cfunction_vectorcall_FASTCALL /cpython/Objects/methodobject.c:449:24 
    #7 _PyVectorcall_Call /cpython/Objects/call.c:273:16 
    #8 _PyObject_Call /cpython/Objects/call.c:348:16
    #9 PyObject_Call /cpython/Objects/call.c:373:12
    #10 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault /cpython/Python/generated_cases.c.h:2831:38 

SUMMARY: ThreadSanitizer: data race (/cpython/cpython-tsan/bin/python3.16t+0xfad6e)  in pthread_mutex_lock
==================

On macOS with Tcl/Tk 9.0 the same reproducer surfaces the _tkinter module-global data races (PyOS_InputHook, tcl_lock). With useTk=True it crashes inside Tk's own display initialization.

CPython versions tested on:

CPython main branch

Operating systems tested on:

Linux

Linked PRs

• gh-156342

Bắt đầu trong Modules/_tkinter.c tại Tcl_CreateInterp và _tkinter_create_impl, sau đó tái hiện các lệnh gọi đồng thời trên một bản build CPython free-threaded với ThreadSanitizer. So sánh race của Tcl trên Linux với các race ở cấp module-global trên macOS được mô tả trong báo cáo. Được xem là hoàn tất khi việc tạo interpreter không còn báo cáo các race đã xác định hoặc bị crash dưới reproducer đã nêu; gh-156342 đã được liên kết để tham khảo ngữ cảnh.