[C++] Stream API: Add support for repeated fields

The parquet::StreamReader and parquet::StreamWriter classes currently only support required fields.

Support must be added to this API in order for it to be usable when the schema has repeated fields.

**Reporter**: [Gawain BOLTON](https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/ViewProfile.jspa?name=gawain_bolton) / @gawain-bolton
**Assignee**: [Gawain BOLTON](https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/ViewProfile.jspa?name=gawain_bolton) / @gawain-bolton
#### Related issues:
- [[C++] Stream API: Add support for optional fields](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/42915) (is cloned by)

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [PARQUET-1700](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PARQUET-1700). Please see the [migration documentation](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PARQUET-2502) for further details.*}

首先阅读 parquet::StreamReader 和 parquet::StreamWriter 的实现以及相关的 optional-fields issue。使用包含 repeated fields 的 schema 调用 API，然后验证读取和写入是否都一致地支持这些字段，并为该行为补充覆盖测试。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。