[Flight][Java] Add optional session headers

- Add a client middleware which receives and re-uses a session token from the server.
- Add a server middleware which, when encountering a request with no session header, creates a session on the backend, generates a token for it, and sends the token to the client in a header. The client can re-use this as indicated above.
- If the client has a session header, re-use the same session from the backend (report an error if an invalid session was used).

**Reporter**: [Tiffany Lam](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-10427) / @tifflhl

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [ARROW-10427](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-10427). Please see the [migration documentation](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/14542) for further details.*}

先找出負責 request 和 response header 的 Java 用戶端與伺服器中介軟體進入點，然後追蹤後端工作階段與無效工作階段錯誤的表示方式。定義必要的用戶端與伺服器整合測試，以涵蓋 token 建立、重複使用和無效 token；完成的標準是兩條中介軟體路徑一致地共用後端工作階段。

由索引模型根據 Issue 內容生成。