[Flight][Java] Add optional session headers

- Add a client middleware which receives and re-uses a session token from the server.
- Add a server middleware which, when encountering a request with no session header, creates a session on the backend, generates a token for it, and sends the token to the client in a header. The client can re-use this as indicated above.
- If the client has a session header, re-use the same session from the backend (report an error if an invalid session was used).

**Reporter**: [Tiffany Lam](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-10427) / @tifflhl

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [ARROW-10427](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-10427). Please see the [migration documentation](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/14542) for further details.*}

首先定位负责 request 和 response header 的 Java 客户端与服务器中间件入口点，然后跟踪后端会话和无效会话错误的表示方式。定义所需的客户端和服务器集成测试，以覆盖令牌创建、令牌复用和无效令牌；完成的标准是两个中间件路径始终共享同一个后端会话。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。