Create a stubbed FlightSQL sample application

The goal of the sample application is to demonstrate how the FlightSQL API can be used for other common business intelligence application with a SQL like interface.

**Reporter**: [Tiffany Lam](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-12926) / @tifflhl

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [ARROW-12926](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-12926). Please see the [migration documentation](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/14542) for further details.*}

No file, test, or entry point is named in the issue. Start by examining the existing Java project and its FlightSQL API support, then define a stubbed sample application demonstrating common business-intelligence usage through a SQL-like interface; done means the sample is present and demonstrates that flow.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.