bug(virtual-scroll): scrollToIndex does not work for multiple viewports scrolling over the same element

### Is this a regression?

- [ ] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

_No response_

### Description

If you have multiple viewports beneath eachother the function 'scrollToIndex' does not work if you want to scroll to an element in one of the bottom lists. It scrolls to a wrong position.

### Reproduction

StackBlitz link: https://stackblitz.com/edit/components-issue-dch1m4?file=src%2Fapp%2Fexample-component.html,src%2Fapp%2Fexample-component.ts,src%2Fapp%2Fexample-component.css
Steps to reproduce:
1. Click the button 'Scroll to viewport 3 and index 7'
2. It scrolls to the wrong position.

### Expected Behavior

It should scroll to the correct position.

### Actual Behavior

It should scroll to the wrong position.

### Environment

- Angular: 16.2.1
- CDK/Material: 16.2.1
- Browser(s): Chrome
- Operating System (e.g. Windows, macOS, Ubuntu): Stackblitz

Comienza con la reproducción enlazada de StackBlitz, especialmente con src/app/example-component.html y src/app/example-component.ts, y ejecuta los pasos para desplazarte hasta viewport 3 e index 7. Sigue el comportamiento de virtual-scroll para varios viewports que comparten un elemento y compara la posición resultante con el objetivo esperado. Se considera terminado cuando el botón se desplaza hasta el elemento correcto en el viewport inferior.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.