bug(slider): Slider doesn't render values in SSR (Universal)

### Is this a regression?

- [ ] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

_No response_

### Description

- When rendered on the server with Angular Universal, the slider thumb always renders at the left-most position, regardless on the actual value
- What's more, a range slider only shows the "start" thumb, but not the "end" thumb.

### Reproduction

(don't know where to host a Universal app)

### Expected Behavior

- Two thumbs are rendered in SSR for a range slider
- Slider thumbs positions in SSR reflect the actual slider values

### Actual Behavior

- Only the "start" thumb is rendered in SSR
- The the start thumb is rendered in the left-most position in SSR, regardless on the actual value

### Environment

- Angular: 15
- CDK/Material: 15
- Browser(s):
- Operating System (e.g. Windows, macOS, Ubuntu):

No se nombran archivos ni pruebas del repositorio. Empieza reproduciendo el slider con Angular Universal usando un valor de rango y, después, verifica que SSR renderice ambos controles deslizantes en sus posiciones configuradas; esos resultados de renderizado definen cuándo se ha terminado.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.