Cannot set custom global ErrorStateMatcher for lazy loaded modules

#### Bug, feature request, or proposal:
Bug

#### What is the expected behavior?
There should be ability to override ErrorStateMatcher for the whole application

#### What is the current behavior?
`@NgModule({
providers: [
{provide: ErrorStateMatcher, useClass: CustomErrorStateMatcher}
]
})`

CustomErrorStateMatcher being provided in the application root module aren't applied inside of lazy loaded modules. Thus it is necessary to duplicate providing of custom error state matcher in every lazy loaded module.

#### What is the use-case or motivation for changing an existing behavior?
It is reasonable to have ability to override error state matcher bahavior for the whole app no matter it consists of lazy or non-lazy modules

#### Which versions of Angular, Material, OS, TypeScript, browsers are affected?
Angular 5.1.3
Material 5.2.2

Comienza reproduciendo la configuración mostrada del proveedor ErrorStateMatcher con Angular 5.1.3 y Material 5.2.2, comparando los módulos root y lazy-loaded. Rastrea cómo se resuelve el matcher personalizado en cada módulo. La tarea estará terminada cuando el matcher de toda la aplicación se aplique dentro de los módulos lazy-loaded sin duplicar el proveedor.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.