Wrong binding of closure variable with intervening list comprehension

Bug report

Bug description:

def f(x):
    def g():
        print([x for x in range(10)])
        def h():
            print(x)
        return h
    print(x)
    return g
f(1)()()

The above had always bound x in h to the parameter of f. But it no longer works and somehow binds to a local in g, throwing the following error:

NameError: cannot access free variable 'x' where it is not associated with a value in enclosing scope

CPython versions tested on:

3.12

Operating systems tested on:

Linux, Windows

Linked PRs

• gh-124696

Reproduce the closure and list-comprehension example on CPython 3.12 and compare its output with the reported NameError. Start by reviewing the scoping and compilation path implicated by the example, then inspect linked PR gh-124696. Done means the example binds x to f's parameter and completes without the error.