[feature] Investigate integrations leveraging the PyCapsule protocol

### Feature Request / Improvement

Context: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/1614#issuecomment-2641089912
Copying the comment over:
Separately, rather than adding more library-specific conversion code, it might make sense for pyiceberg to start leveraging the [PyCapsule protocol](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/format/CDataInterface/PyCapsuleInterface.html) to allow any third party library (dataframe or otherwise) that supports Arrow data to seamlessly consume pyiceberg constructs.

Polars already supports the PyCapsule interface. See https://docs.pola.rs/user-guide/misc/arrow/#using-the-arrow-pycapsule-interface for details.

Implementing the interface on e.g. pyiceberg tables would allow them to be passed directly to dataframe init in polars, just like you can do a pyarrow table today. It also doesn't assume anything about polars support/doesn't add a dependency on polars.

cc @corleyma if you would like to provide more context :)

先了解 PR 1614 的链接评论中的上下文，然后阅读 Arrow PyCapsule 协议和 Polars 的 PyCapsule 接口指南。确定哪些 pyiceberg 表构造应公开该协议，以及如何将它们直接传递给 dataframe 初始化。完成标准是：在不添加 Polars 依赖的情况下，一个有文档说明且经过测试的集成路径能够正常工作。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。