[feature] Investigate integrations leveraging the PyCapsule protocol

### Feature Request / Improvement

Context: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/1614#issuecomment-2641089912
Copying the comment over:
Separately, rather than adding more library-specific conversion code, it might make sense for pyiceberg to start leveraging the [PyCapsule protocol](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/format/CDataInterface/PyCapsuleInterface.html) to allow any third party library (dataframe or otherwise) that supports Arrow data to seamlessly consume pyiceberg constructs.

Polars already supports the PyCapsule interface. See https://docs.pola.rs/user-guide/misc/arrow/#using-the-arrow-pycapsule-interface for details.

Implementing the interface on e.g. pyiceberg tables would allow them to be passed directly to dataframe init in polars, just like you can do a pyarrow table today. It also doesn't assume anything about polars support/doesn't add a dependency on polars.

cc @corleyma if you would like to provide more context :)

Comece pelo contexto no comentário vinculado do PR 1614 e, em seguida, leia o protocolo Arrow PyCapsule e o guia da interface PyCapsule do Polars. Identifique quais construtos de tabela do pyiceberg devem expor o protocolo e como eles podem ser passados diretamente para a inicialização de um dataframe. A tarefa estará concluída quando um caminho de integração documentado e testado funcionar sem adicionar uma dependência do Polars.

Escrita pelo modelo de indexação a partir do texto da issue.