[Java][CI] Migrate current Apache Nightly process to Apache Nexus Staging/Snapshot Repository

### Describe the enhancement requested

Arrow Java is uploading Java artifacts to Apache Nightly https://nightlies.apache.org/arrow/java/org/apache/arrow/ at this time

There could be an option to discuss the migration to Nexus repository activities.

ML related: https://lists.apache.org/thread/t6598v7lsdb74q65x9grwhxqt38ntq2s

### Component(s)

Continuous Integration, Java

未識別任何檔案、測試或進入點。先檢視目前的 Apache Nightly 成品上傳流程和連結的 ML 討論，接著定義遷移至 Apache Nexus Staging/Snapshot Repository 將包含哪些內容，以及如何驗證完成。

由索引模型根據 Issue 內容生成。