bug(Toolbar): Defined background colors does not get applied with version 17.3.1

### Is this a regression?

- [X] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

16

### Description

If you go to the official `Angular Material` docs, and select component `Toolbar`, examples tab, you see in action the usage of toolbar with a color defined such as `primary` but you don't see any color applied to it.

If you open up any of the examples to Stackblitz, you can clearly see that any of the defined colors "warn", "primary", "accent" does not get applied in the toolbar property

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### Reproduction

StackBlitz link: https://stackblitz.com/edit/ga5498?file=src%2Fexample%2Ftoolbar-overview-example.html

Steps to reproduce:
1. Specify one of the colors predefined such as `warn`, `primary`, `accent` to the toolbar component

### Expected Behavior

If the developer specifies a color to a toolbar, either a predefined one or a custom one, then the color should take effect into the material component (e.g toolbar)

### Actual Behavior

Specifying any of the predefined colors does not get applied in the toolbar component

### Environment

- Angular: 17.3.0
- CDK/Material: 17.3.1
- Browser(s): Firefox 124.01 or Chrome 123.0.6312.86
- Operating System (e.g. Windows, macOS, Ubuntu): Linux Mint

Comienza con la reproducción enlazada de StackBlitz y su archivo src/example/toolbar-overview-example.html; después, compara el comportamiento de la barra de herramientas entre las versiones de Angular Material indicadas. Verifica los colores primary, accent, warn y custom, e identifica el punto de entrada relevante del proyecto o la prueba correspondiente antes de cambiar nada. Se considera terminado cuando la barra de herramientas aplica los colores especificados y la regresión está cubierta por una comprobación aprobada.

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