Annotating functions which don't raise exceptions

I would find it interesting to be able to annotate functions which never throw exceptions. "Never" can be either in the absolute sense, or in the sense of "checked exceptions", with some subset of exception designated as "unchecked" (details of this designation are perhaps up to the actual tool to process annotations).

Example of a function which absolutely never raises exceptions (well, at least per language semantics, particular implementations might still have means to break with some implementation-related exceptions):

def foo(l):
    if isinstance(l, list) and len(l) > 0:
        return l[0]

Example of a function which may throw (unchecked) exception if API contract is violated:

def foo(l: list):
    if len(l) > 0:
        return l[0]

So, hopefully these examples show that the notion does exist in Python.

Now the question how to annotate it. Following the existing NoReturn, it would be called NoRaise or NoThrow. "nothrow" terminology if familiar from C++ (and it seems to be replaced even there), so perhaps sticking with native Python terminology makes sense (but "throw" is native to Python too, re: exception handling with generators).

More interesting question is where to put that annotation. Taking the example above, a natural annotation would be:

def foo(l) -> Optional(Any), NoRaise:

And I was quite surprised that the usual "implicit tuple" syntax rule doesn't apply here, and the above is SyntaxError as of CPy3.7:

Python 3.7.1 (default, Oct 22 2018, 11:21:55) 
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> def foo() -> list, int:
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    def foo() -> list, int:
                     ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

I wonder if that warrants a separate issue report. And whether it was a cunning design choice mere mortals need to decipher, because that seems too obvious thing to overlook with an implicit tuple syntax, again (neither problematic from forma grammar perspective, even in LL it's "->" expr ("," expr)* ":", which is trivial, Python has more complex grammar rules in many places.

So, all in all, now it would need to be written as:

def foo(l) -> (Optional(Any), NoRaise):

Which is of course not as pretty as without parens.

Không có tệp repository hoặc bài kiểm thử nào được nêu tên. Trước tiên, hãy xem xét annotation NoReturn hiện có và hành vi ngữ pháp của Python 3.7 được mô tả ở đây, sau đó làm rõ liệu mục tiêu là ngữ nghĩa ngoại lệ, cú pháp annotation hay cả hai. Công việc được xem là hoàn tất khi có ý nghĩa đã được thống nhất cho NoRaise hoặc NoThrow và một cú pháp hợp lệ được xác định.