Improve performance by using reference stealing methods

Feature or enhancement

Proposal:

We can improve performance of cpython by using stealing methods (_PyList_AppendTakeRef, _PyDict_SetItem_Take2, PyTuple_FromPairSteal etc.) instead of the normal ones. Using stealing methods we typically avoid an incref/decref pair and sometimes error handling is simplified. We should only make changes where it makes a performance impact, the code is not more complex and the modules or methods affected are performance critical.

A list of possible cases (there might be more).

Update: Most cases already have an open PR, for new ones please open a separate issue.

Linked PRs

• gh-150943
• gh-150945
• gh-150995
• gh-151002
• gh-151062
• gh-151209
• gh-151608
• gh-153013
• gh-154860
• gh-155171
• gh-155304
• gh-155922
• gh-155940
• gh-155957
• gh-156055
• gh-156199

檢查列出的 C 位置，包括 Modules/_csv.c、Modules/pyexpat.c、Modules/_elementtree.c，以及 _io、Objects、_pickle 和 _asynciomodule 中的檔案。首先檢查已連結的 PR，確認哪些情況已經涵蓋；任何剩餘工作都應拆分為一個獨立且範圍明確的 issue，並包含相關的效能測試。完成的標準是：在不增加複雜度的情況下修改一個選定的效能關鍵情況，並驗證其行為和效能。