`tracemalloc` aborts when run from threads in no-gil

Crash report

What happened?

It's possible to get two different aborts from failed assertions, only with PYTHON_GIL=0, using the code below:

from threading import Thread
import _tracemalloc

alive = [
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.start, args=(
        (memoryview(bytearray(b"abc\xe9\xff")),))),
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.start, args=()),
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.get_traceback_limit, args=()),
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.start, args=()),
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.stop, args=()),
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.reset_peak, args=()),
    Thread(target=_tracemalloc.get_tracemalloc_memory, args=())
]

for obj in alive:
    print('START', obj)
    try:
        obj.start()
    except Exception:
        pass

The errors are:

python: Python/tracemalloc.c:445: tracemalloc_remove_trace: Assertion `tracemalloc_config.tracing' failed.
Aborted

And:

python: Python/tracemalloc.c:469: tracemalloc_add_trace: Assertion `tracemalloc_config.tracing' failed.
Aborted

Found with fusil by @vstinner.

CPython versions tested on:

CPython main branch

Operating systems tested on:

Linux

Output from running 'python -VV' on the command line:

Python 3.14.0a1+ experimental free-threading build (heads/main:d467d9246c, Nov 1 2024, 09:05:56) [GCC 11.4.0]

まず、実験的な free-threading ビルドと PYTHON_GIL=0 を使って、提供されたスレッド使用例を再現します。Python/tracemalloc.c の tracemalloc_remove_trace と tracemalloc_add_trace の周辺を調査し、tracemalloc の操作を並行して使用した場合に例が異常終了しなくなったことを確認します。