Exception that calls `super().__init__` breaks `copy.copy`

Bug report

Bug description:

For some reason calling Exception.__init__ breaks copy.copys ability to detect args. The following code

import copy

class MyException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, x):
        super().__init__()
        self.x = x

my_exc = MyException(5)
copy.copy(my_exc)

gives

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./foo.py", line 9, in <module>
    copy.copy(my_exc)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/copy.py", line 97, in copy
    return _reconstruct(x, None, *rv)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/copy.py", line 253, in _reconstruct
    y = func(*args)
        ^^^^^^^^^^^
TypeError: MyException.__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'x'

Removing the super().__init__() line makes everything work as expected, but given that it's generally seen as good practice to call super().__init__() in child classes, and you may be working with a more complex class structure, this seems like pretty bad behavior.
I haven't dug deep enough into copy.copy or BaseException.__init__ to decide which one deserves the blame.

For the reason why I want to copy exceptions, see https://github.com/python-trio/flake8-async/issues/298

CPython versions tested on:

3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14

Operating systems tested on:

Linux

Reproduce the example with copy.copy and inspect the behavior in /usr/lib/python3.12/copy.py alongside BaseException.init. Determine the expected copying behavior for an exception whose initializer calls super().init(), then add a regression test showing that copying preserves the required constructor state without raising TypeError.