MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT and mysql.connect_timeout not working when connecting to a non-responsive server

Description

I encountered an issue where the MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT option and the mysql.connect_timeout setting do not work as expected when attempting to connect to a non-responsive server. The connection attempt hangs instead of timing out.
In contrast, when attempting to connect to a non-existent server, the connection attempt fails immediately.

Steps to Reproduce:

1. Set up a non-responsive server.
   I made it by python like this(tcp_server.py):

import socket

HOST = '0.0.0.0'
PORT = 12345

with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
    s.bind((HOST, PORT))
    s.listen()
    print(f"Listening on {HOST}:{PORT}")
    while True:
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        print(f"Connected by {addr}")

2. Use the mysqli extension to connect to this server with the MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT option set.

<?php
$connect = @mysqli_init();
mysqli_options($connect, MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, 5);
@mysqli_real_connect($connect, 'host.docker.internal', 'user', 'password', null, 12345, "", 0);

3. Observe that the connection attempt does not timeout as expected.

Expected Behavior:
The connection attempt should timeout after 5 seconds as specified MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT duration and rise an exception.

Actual Behavior:
The connection attempt hangs without timing out.

I used the following PHP.

php -v
PHP 8.2.21 (cli) (built: Jul 23 2024 06:55:37) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.2.21, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

The mysqlnd.net_read_timeout and MYSQL_OPT_READ_TIMEOUT options work, but they affect not only the connection handshake but also every query execution, which is not desirable for our use case.

PHP Version

PHP 8.2.21

Operating System

No response