FastMCP: Support dynamic annotation updates

Problem

FastMCP will support resource annotations (audience, priority, lastModified) via the @mcp.resource() decorator (see #1468). However, annotations are set once at decoration time and cannot be updated as the server runs.

This is problematic for lastModified especially. If you annotate a file resource, there's no easy way to keep the timestamp current as the file changes:

@mcp.resource("file://docs/readme.md", annotations=Annotations(
    audience=["user"],
    lastModified="2025-01-12T15:00:58Z"
))
def read_readme() -> str:
    return open("readme.md").read()

Once deployed, this annotation is stale. If the file updates tomorrow, clients see outdated metadata.

Solution

Allow annotations to be updated dynamically. Possible approaches:

• Provide a method to update resource annotations at runtime
• Allow annotation callables/lambdas that compute values on each list_resources() call
• Return fresh annotations from resource handler functions

This would enable:

• Accurate lastModified timestamps from file mtimes
• Dynamic audience/priority based on server state
• Better integration with external data sources

Issue written by Claude, reviewed by @maxisbey

从 FastMCP 的 @mcp.resource() 注册路径以及 issue 中提到的 list_resources() 行为开始。比较所提议的运行时更新、callable 和 handler-return 方案，然后确定实现如何让客户端的 audience、priority 和 lastModified 注释保持最新。