Synchronous Pull

Based in [some comments in this PR](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/pubsub/pull/243) with @dpcollins-google, I opened this Feature request. Pub/sub provides an option to retrieve records synchronously: https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/reference/rpc/google.pubsub.v1#pullrequest

It isn't the recommended way but it works well in some scenarios.

Pub/Sub Lite doesn't have this feature so if you need to do polling, some buffer is needed in the middle to simulate that behavior. That already happen in the [PubSub Lite kafka library](https://github.com/googleapis/java-pubsublite-kafka) and the Apache Beam connector. It will happen again in the Source kafka connector.

To avoid to repeat the same workaround in each place, it would be nice to provide that API as part of the Java SDK. It would help also to clients moving from PubSub Lite to PubSub and viceversa.

まず、issue にリンクされている Pub/Sub PullRequest リファレンスと、リンクされている Pub/Sub Lite Kafka および Apache Beam の実装を読んで、ポーリングの回避策を理解します。同期取得に関する Java SDK API とその動作を定義し、その後、クライアントが中間バッファを複製せずにそれを使用できることを検証します。

索引モデルが issue の本文から書いたものです。