[FlightRPC][FlightSQL][Java] Make FlightSqlClientDemo a general purpose tool

The FlightSqlClientDemo test program has a limited set of options that prevents it from being used against production databases. It does work against the Derby and SQLite examples though.

The major limitation is that there is no way to supply authentication information. The proposal here is to add support for passing in HTTP basic credentials and Authorization: Bearer headers.

Another useful feature would be an option to supply arbitrary headers (as a way of support server-specific options).

Lastly, it would be good to add an interactive mode that just ran the tool in a loop based on user input (and use ClientCookieMiddleware in this mode to persist state).

A shaded configuration of the flight-sql module that set this tool's main function as the JAR entry point would make it more friendly to run as well.

This would make the tool comparable to SQLLine.

**Reporter**: [James Duong](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-15843) / @jduo

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [ARROW-15843](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-15843). Please see the [migration documentation](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/14542) for further details.*}

先定位 FlightSqlClientDemo 測試程式與 flight-sql 模組設定。檢視 ClientCookieMiddleware 如何支援提議的互動模式，接著定義認證資訊、bearer 與任意標頭、互動式執行，以及 shaded JAR 進入點的範圍。完成的標準是工具支援所選的選項，並且可以方便地對生產資料庫執行。

由索引模型根據 Issue 內容生成。