[FlightRPC][FlightSQL][Java] Make FlightSqlClientDemo a general purpose tool

The FlightSqlClientDemo test program has a limited set of options that prevents it from being used against production databases. It does work against the Derby and SQLite examples though.

The major limitation is that there is no way to supply authentication information. The proposal here is to add support for passing in HTTP basic credentials and Authorization: Bearer headers.

Another useful feature would be an option to supply arbitrary headers (as a way of support server-specific options).

Lastly, it would be good to add an interactive mode that just ran the tool in a loop based on user input (and use ClientCookieMiddleware in this mode to persist state).

A shaded configuration of the flight-sql module that set this tool's main function as the JAR entry point would make it more friendly to run as well.

This would make the tool comparable to SQLLine.

**Reporter**: [James Duong](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-15843) / @jduo

_{**Note**: *This issue was originally created as [ARROW-15843](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-15843). Please see the [migration documentation](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/14542) for further details.*}

首先定位 FlightSqlClientDemo 测试程序和 flight-sql 模块配置。审查 ClientCookieMiddleware 如何支持提议的交互模式，然后确定凭据、bearer 和任意标头、交互式执行以及 shaded JAR 入口点的范围。完成的标准是该工具支持所选选项，并且可以方便地针对生产数据库运行。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。