bug(Datepicker): setting value inside valueChanges doesn't update the UI

### Is this a regression?

I don't know if this was working at some point or not

### Description

I am using reactive forms to get/set values from a datepicker and I noticed that if I set a date manually, inside the valueChanges event based on some condition, the value of the form control updates, but not the UI.

The UI changes however if you remove the input and manually set a value inside valueChanges.

### Reproduction

StackBlitz link: https://stackblitz.com/edit/qpu5ns
Steps to reproduce (1):
(1*. Select any date - optional)
1. Select the 10th of any month
2. Check date displayed in input vs date printed under the input

### Expected Behavior

We have the same date in the input as printed below the input

### Actual Behavior

The date in the input is the date selected using the datepicker, the date below the input is the date set inside valueChanges

### Environment

Browser: Chrome
(From the stackblitz environment)
Angular CLI: 16.1.0
Node: 18.18.0
Package Manager: yarn 1.22.19
OS: linux x64

Angular: 16.1.1
... animations, common, compiler, compiler-cli, core, forms
... platform-browser, platform-browser-dynamic, router

| Package | Version |
|--------|--------|
| @angular-devkit/architect | 0.1601.0 |
| @angular-devkit/build-angular | 16.1.0 |
| @angular-devkit/core | 16.1.0 |
| @angular-devkit/schematics | 16.1.0 |
| @angular/cdk | 16.2.9 |
| @angular/cli | 16.1.0 |
| @angular/material | 16.2.9 |
| @angular/material-moment-adapter | 16.2.9 |
| @schematics/angular | 16.1.0 |
| rxjs | 7.4.0 |
| typescript | 5.0.3 |

Comienza con la reproducción vinculada de StackBlitz y sigue en el Angular Material components repository la ruta de actualización del valor del datepicker mediante reactive-forms. Confirma el comportamiento al establecer un valor dentro de valueChanges y añade una prueba de regresión que muestre que la input UI coincide con el valor actualizado del form-control.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.