feat(drag-and-drop): Allow more flexibility for position of *DragPreview directive relative to mouse position

### Is this a regression?

- [ ] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

_No response_

### Description

When I use the drag preview directive `*cdkDragPreview` for my horizontal list, the dragged item position is wrong

Possibly related #16171

### Reproduction

[StackBlitz link](https://stackblitz.com/edit/components-issue-1y4nnz?file=src%2Fapp%2Fexample-component.html,src%2Fapp%2Fexample-component.ts,src%2Fapp%2Fexample-component.css)

### Expected Behavior

`*cdkDragPreview` dragging position should be the same as the dragging position is without using `cdkDragPreview`

### Actual Behavior

The dragging position always started from the pointer edge, giving a undesired behavior

### Environment

- Angular: v16
- CDK/Material: v16
- Browser(s): Chrome
- Operating System (e.g. Windows, macOS, Ubuntu): All

Inizia dai file StackBlitz collegati src/app/example-component.html, src/app/example-component.ts e src/app/example-component.css per riprodurre il comportamento dell’elenco orizzontale con *cdkDragPreview. Poi segui il punto di ingresso di Angular CDK drag-preview e confronta l’offset del puntatore con il trascinamento senza l’anteprima. Il lavoro è completato quando l’anteprima mantiene la posizione prevista dell’elemento rispetto al puntatore.

Scritto dal modello di indicizzazione a partire dal testo della issue.