feat(Listbox): Allow Listbox to be found in content projection

### Feature Description

The Listbox cdk directive could be used as a select component's options. This would be nice because it has built in accessibilty features and keyboard interactions. The problem is if those select component options are content projected they cannot find their parent listbox directive.

### Use Case

So if I wanted my custom select component implementation to look like this:


The custom select options are being content projected and the custom select logic would look something like this:


The select option that is not content projected is working as expected but the content projected ones are not finding their parent listbox and therefore not behaving correctly.

Stackblitz for reference : https://stackblitz.com/edit/angular-ivy-tcfqrs?embed=1&file=src/app/select/select.component.ts

リンクされた StackBlitz の再現コードから始め、投影されたオプションと投影されていないオプションで Listbox CDK directive がどのように解決されるかを調べてください。カスタムセレクトの例での動作を確認し、続いて content-projected options が親の Listbox を見つけ、期待されるアクセシビリティとキーボード操作を維持することを検証してください。

索引モデルが issue の本文から書いたものです。