Add Navigation Rail Sidenav Component

#### Feature Description

This was [just added](https://material.io/components/navigation-rail/) to the official Material Design spec. Navigation rails provide ergonomic movement between primary destinations in apps. YouTube and Google Photos are a couple of examples that use this component.

#### Use Case

The rail is a side navigation component that displays three to seven app destinations and, optionally, a Floating Action Button. Each destination is represented by an icon and a text label.

The rail can function on its own at larger screen sizes, such as desktop and tablet. When users transition between screen sizes and devices, the rail can also complement other navigation components, such as bottom navigation.

#### Preview

まず Angular Material のナビゲーションコンポーネントと、リンクされている Material Design の navigation-rail 仕様を確認し、既存のコンポーネントパターンを理解します。3～7 個の移動先、オプションのテキストラベル、Floating Action Button をサポートし、さまざまな画面サイズで他のナビゲーションコンポーネントと併用できるナビゲーションレールを追加できれば完了です。

索引モデルが issue の本文から書いたものです。