[mat-tree] Keyboard Interaction recommended by WAI-ARIA

#### Bug, feature request, or proposal:
Feature request

#### What is the expected behavior?
Read expected behavior under "Keyboard interactions" at [w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#TreeView](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#TreeView). Should use `TAB` to focus [mat-tree] and use arrows to navigate. Similar to radio button behaviour.

#### What is the current behavior?
`TAB` and `SHIFT + TAB` to navigate. `SPACE` or `ENTER` to open/close a node.

#### What are the steps to reproduce?
Look at the example here: [w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/examples/treeview/treeview-1/treeview-1a.html](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/examples/treeview/treeview-1/treeview-1a.html)

#### What is the use-case or motivation for changing an existing behavior?
To make [mat-tree] more usable and accessible. Especially important when having lots of items in a tree.

#### Which versions of Angular, Material, OS, TypeScript, browsers are affected?
@angular: 6.1.4
@angular/material: 6.4.6
OS: Windows 10
Chrome: 69.0.3497.81
Typescript: 2.7.2

#### Is there anything else we should know?
No

mat-tree コンポーネントから始め、TAB、SHIFT+TAB、SPACE、ENTER に対する現在の動作を、TreeView のキーボード操作に関する WAI-ARIA のガイダンスおよびリンク先の treeview の例と比較します。mat-tree が要求されたフォーカスおよび矢印ナビゲーションの動作に従い、期待されるノードの開閉操作を維持できれば完了です。

索引モデルが issue の本文から書いたものです。