Compat sample does not compile

### Version info
node -v
v20.11.1

### How to reproduce these conditions
gh repo clone angular/angularfire
cd .\angularfire\samples\compat\
npm install // fails
npm install --legacy-peer-deps (as suggested)
ng serve (does not compile)

**Steps to set up and reproduce**

**Sample data and security rules**
n/A
### Debug output
```
npm ERR! code ERESOLVE
npm ERR! ERESOLVE could not resolve
npm ERR!
npm ERR! While resolving: karma-jasmine-html-reporter@1.7.0
npm ERR! Found: jasmine-core@3.5.0
npm ERR! node_modules/jasmine-core
npm ERR! dev jasmine-core@"~3.5.0" from the root project
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Could not resolve dependency:
npm ERR! peer jasmine-core@">=3.8" from karma-jasmine-html-reporter@1.7.0
npm ERR! node_modules/karma-jasmine-html-reporter
npm ERR! dev karma-jasmine-html-reporter@"^1.5.0" from the root project
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Conflicting peer dependency: jasmine-core@5.1.2
npm ERR! node_modules/jasmine-core
npm ERR! peer jasmine-core@">=3.8" from karma-jasmine-html-reporter@1.7.0
npm ERR! node_modules/karma-jasmine-html-reporter
npm ERR! dev karma-jasmine-html-reporter@"^1.5.0" from the root project
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry
npm ERR! this command with --force or --legacy-peer-deps
npm ERR! to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution.
npm ERR!
npm ERR!
npm ERR! For a full report see:
```
### Expected behavior

should compile

### Actual behavior

does not compile

Node v20.11.1 で npm install、npm install --legacy-peer-deps、ng serve を実行して、samples/compat の問題を再現します。報告されている jasmine-core と karma-jasmine-html-reporter の依存関係の競合、およびそれに続くコンパイル失敗を調査します。完了の条件は、compat sample のインストールとコンパイルが正常に成功することです。

索引モデルが issue の本文から書いたものです。