Stack overflow analyzing script snippets

This afternoon I was writing a inline PowerShell script in a GitHub Actions workflow whose intention is to lint the usage of PowerShell in GitHub Actions workflows (♾), and while testing it locally with a slightly modified version I found I hit a stack overflow that terminated my pwsh session in Windows Terminal.

I can't reproduce it in GitHub Actions itself for some reason, but I can on my own laptop.

Steps to reproduce

1. Clone https://github.com/martincostello/github-automation/commit/5563b3cf300d4931704249525361f5cd510255d3
2. Run lint.ps1

Expected behavior

The script runs successfully.

Actual behavior

Linting actions/dotnet-release/action.yml...
Linting actions/dotnet-upgrade-report/action.yml...
Linting actions/dotnet-version-report/action.yml...
Linting actions/get-dotnet-repos/action.yml...
Linting actions/get-rebase-repos/action.yml...
Linting actions/get-sdk-repos/action.yml...
Linting actions/is-dotnet-change-available/action.yml...
Linting actions/lint-workflow-powershell/action.yml...
Linting .github/workflows/acr-housekeeping.yml...
Stack overflow.
Repeated 252 times:
--------------------------------
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.<InternalLoad>g____PInvoke|49_0(System.Reflection.NativeAssemblyNameParts*, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.StackCrawlMarkHandle, Int32, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(System.Reflection.AssemblyName, System.Threading.StackCrawlMark ByRef, System.Runtime.Loader.AssemblyLoadContext, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly, Boolean)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalGetSatelliteAssembly(System.Reflection.Assembly, System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.Version, Boolean)
   at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler.InternalGetSatelliteAssembly(System.Reflection.Assembly, System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.Version)
   at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler.GetSatelliteAssembly(System.Globalization.CultureInfo)
   at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler.GrovelForResourceSet(System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2<System.String,System.Resources.ResourceSet>, Boolean, Boolean)
   at System.Resources.ResourceManager.InternalGetResourceSet(System.Globalization.CultureInfo, Boolean, Boolean)
   at System.Resources.ResourceManager.GetString(System.String, System.Globalization.CultureInfo)
   at System.Management.Automation.ErrorCategoryInfo.Ellipsize(System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.String)
   at System.Management.Automation.ScriptBlock.GetContextFromTLS()
   at System.Management.Automation.ScriptBlock.InvokeAsDelegateHelper(System.Object, System.Object, System.Object[])
   at DynamicClass.lambda_method523(System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Closure, System.Object, System.ResolveEventArgs)
   at System.Runtime.Loader.AssemblyLoadContext.InvokeResolveEvent(System.ResolveEventHandler, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly, System.String)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.<InternalLoad>g____PInvoke|49_0(System.Reflection.NativeAssemblyNameParts*, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.StackCrawlMarkHandle, Int32, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack)
--------------------------------
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.<InternalLoad>g____PInvoke|49_0(System.Reflection.NativeAssemblyNameParts*, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.StackCrawlMarkHandle, Int32, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ObjectHandleOnStack)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(System.Reflection.AssemblyName, System.Threading.StackCrawlMark ByRef, System.Runtime.Loader.AssemblyLoadContext, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly, Boolean)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalGetSatelliteAssembly(System.Reflection.Assembly, System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.Version, Boolean)
   at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler.InternalGetSatelliteAssembly(System.Reflection.Assembly, System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.Version)
   at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler.GetSatelliteAssembly(System.Globalization.CultureInfo)
   at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler.GrovelForResourceSet(System.Globalization.CultureInfo, System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2<System.String,System.Resources.ResourceSet>, Boolean, Boolean)
   at System.Resources.ResourceManager.InternalGetResourceSet(System.Globalization.CultureInfo, Boolean, Boolean)
   at System.Resources.ResourceManager.GetString(System.String, System.Globalization.CultureInfo)
   at Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.CertificateProvider.InitializeDefaultDrives()
   at System.Management.Automation.SessionStateInternal.InitializeProvider(System.Management.Automation.Provider.CmdletProvider, System.Management.Automation.ProviderInfo, System.Management.Automation.CmdletProviderContext)
   at System.Management.Automation.SessionStateInternal.NewProvider(System.Management.Automation.ProviderInfo)
   at System.Management.Automation.SessionStateInternal.AddProvider(System.Type, System.String, System.String, System.Management.Automation.PSSnapInInfo, System.Management.Automation.PSModuleInfo)
   at System.Management.Automation.SessionStateInternal.AddSessionStateEntry(System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.SessionStateProviderEntry)
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState.Bind_LoadProviders(System.Management.Automation.SessionStateInternal)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(System.Threading.ExecutionContext, System.Threading.ContextCallback, System.Object)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.ExecuteWithThreadLocal(System.Threading.Tasks.Task ByRef, System.Threading.Thread)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler.TryExecuteTaskInline(System.Threading.Tasks.Task, Boolean)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.TaskScheduler.TryRunInline(System.Threading.Tasks.Task, Boolean)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.WrappedTryRunInline()
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.WaitAllCore(System.ReadOnlySpan`1<System.Threading.Tasks.Task>, Int32, System.Threading.CancellationToken)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.WaitAll(System.Threading.Tasks.Task[])
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Parallel.Invoke(System.Threading.Tasks.ParallelOptions, System.Action[])
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState.Bind(System.Management.Automation.ExecutionContext, Boolean, System.Management.Automation.PSModuleInfo, Boolean, Boolean, Boolean)
   at System.Management.Automation.AutomationEngine..ctor(System.Management.Automation.Host.PSHost, System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState)
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.LocalRunspace.DoOpenHelper()
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.RunspaceBase.CoreOpen(Boolean)
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.Internal.RunspacePoolInternal.CreateRunspace()
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.Internal.RunspacePoolInternal.OpenHelper()
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.Internal.RunspacePoolInternal.CoreOpen(Boolean, System.AsyncCallback, System.Object)
   at System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.Internal.RunspacePoolInternal.Open()
   at Microsoft.Windows.PowerShell.ScriptAnalyzer.CommandInfoCache..ctor()
   at Microsoft.Windows.PowerShell.ScriptAnalyzer.Helper+<>c.<.ctor>b__24_0()
   at System.Lazy`1[[System.__Canon, System.Private.CoreLib, Version=9.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cec85d7bea7798e]].ViaFactory(System.Threading.LazyThreadSafetyMode)
   at System.Lazy`1[[System.__Canon, System.Private.CoreLib, Version=9.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cec85d7bea7798e]].ExecutionAndPublication(System.LazyHelper, Boolean)
   at System.Lazy`1[[System.__Canon, System.Private.CoreLib, Version=9.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cec85d7bea7798e]].CreateValue()
   at Microsoft.Windows.PowerShell.ScriptAnalyzer.Helper.get_CommandInfoCache()
   at Microsoft.Windows.PowerShell.ScriptAnalyzer.Helper.GetCommandInfo(System.String, System.Nullable`1<System.Management.Automation.CommandTypes>, Boolean)
   at Microsoft.Windows.PowerShell.ScriptAnalyzer.BuiltinRules.AvoidAlias+<AnalyzeScript>d__9.MoveNext()
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[System.__Canon, System.Private.CoreLib, Version=9.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cec85d7bea7798e]]..ctor(System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1<System.__Canon>)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList[[System.__Canon, System.Private.CoreLib, Version=9.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cec85d7bea7798e]](System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1<System.__Canon>)
   at Microsoft.Windows.PowerShell.ScriptAnalyzer.ScriptAnalyzer+<>c__DisplayClass84_1.<AnalyzeSyntaxTree>b__2()
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunFromThreadPoolDispatchLoop(System.Threading.Thread, System.Threading.ExecutionContext, System.Threading.ContextCallback, System.Object)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.ExecuteWithThreadLocal(System.Threading.Tasks.Task ByRef, System.Threading.Thread)
   at System.Threading.ThreadPoolWorkQueue.Dispatch()
   at System.Threading.PortableThreadPool+WorkerThread.WorkerThreadStart()

[process exited with code 3221225725 (0xc00000fd)]

Environment data

> $PSVersionTable

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.5.0
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.5.0
OS                             Microsoft Windows 10.0.22631
Platform                       Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0

> (Get-Module -ListAvailable PSScriptAnalyzer).Version | ForEach-Object { $_.ToString() }
1.23.0

首先檢出提交 5563b3cf300d4931704249525361f5cd510255d3，並在回報的 PowerShell 7.5.0 與 PSScriptAnalyzer 1.23.0 環境下執行 lint.ps1。透過堆疊追蹤中顯示的 ScriptAnalyzer.Helper、CommandInfoCache 與 AvoidAlias 規則追蹤失敗原因。lint 指令碼在沒有堆疊溢出的情況下完成執行即表示完成。