dtutils.string: build_substitute_list errors when a metadata field (e.g. rights) has been removed

从 lib/dtutils/string.lua 中的 build_substitute_list() 开始，然后检查来自 contrib/rename_images.lua 的调用。在移除 rights 元数据字段后，使用 darktable -d lua 重现问题，并验证变量替换和图像重命名在该字段未注册的情况下也能正常工作。

Describe the bug

lib/dtutils/string.lua build_substitute_list() throws when a metadata field it references has been removed from darktable's metadata definitions. Any script using variable substitution (e.g. contrib/rename_images) then fails, regardless of which variables its pattern actually uses.

In darktable 5.x, metadata fields are user-configurable (stored in data.db meta_data). If a user removes e.g. Xmp.dc.rights, the rights field is no longer registered on dt_lua_image_t, and indexing it raises an error rather than returning nil. So the existing guard

image.rights and image.rights or "",   -- RIGHTS

doesn't protect against it. The same applies to image.title, image.description, image.creator, image.publisher and image.version_name (lines ~810 and 877–886).

To reproduce

1. In the metadata editor preferences, remove the rights (Xmp.dc.rights) field and restart darktable.
2. Enable contrib/rename_images.
3. Rename any image with any pattern, e.g. $(EXIF.YEAR)$(EXIF.MONTH)$(EXIF.DAY)_$(SEQUENCE).$(FILE_EXTENSION).

Log (darktable -d lua)

LUA pattern is $(EXIF.YEAR)$(EXIF.MONTH)$(EXIF.DAY)_$(SEQUENCE).$(FILE_EXTENSION)
LUA ERROR : ...urces/share/darktable/lua-scripts/lib/dtutils/string.lua:885: field "rights" not found for type dt_lua_image_t

stack traceback:
	[C]: in ?
	[C]: in metamethod 'index'
	...urces/share/darktable/lua-scripts/lib/dtutils/string.lua:885: in function 'lib/dtutils.string.build_substitute_list'
	...es/share/darktable/lua-scripts/contrib/rename_images.lua:144: in upvalue 'do_rename'
	...es/share/darktable/lua-scripts/contrib/rename_images.lua:211: in function <...es/share/darktable/lua-scripts/contrib/rename_images.lua:210>
	[C]: in ?

Suggested fix

Read the metadata fields through a protected lookup, e.g.

local function get_field(image, field)
  local ok, value = pcall(function() return image[field] end)
  return (ok and value) and value or ""
end

and use get_field(image, "rights") etc. in the replacements table.

Workaround

Re-add the missing metadata field in the metadata editor preferences.

Platform

• darktable 5.6.0 (Lua API 9.7.0), lua-scripts as bundled with the official macOS package
• macOS 26.6.2, Apple M2