RFC: add support for fast univariate clustering using dynamic programming (CKMean.1d.dp)

## Checklist

> Please ensure the following tasks are completed before submitting a feature request.

- [ ] Read and understood the [Code of Conduct][code-of-conduct].
- [x] Searched for existing issues and pull requests.
- [x] The issue name begins with `RFC:`.

## Description

> Description of the feature request.

Add an implementation for fast univariate clustering using dynamic programming and guaranteed optimality.

## Related Issues

> Does this feature request have any related issues?

No.

## Questions

> Any questions for reviewers?

No.

## Other

> Any other information relevant to this feature request? This may include screenshots, references, sample output, and/or implementation notes.

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[code-of-conduct]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib/blob/develop/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md