[spec] Formalize excluded Protocol members

At runtime, the following members are currently excluded by Protocol: (source)

_TYPING_INTERNALS = frozenset({
    '__parameters__', '__orig_bases__',  '__orig_class__',
    '_is_protocol', '_is_runtime_protocol', '__protocol_attrs__',
    '__non_callable_proto_members__', '__type_params__',
})


_SPECIAL_NAMES = frozenset({
    '__abstractmethods__', '__annotations__', '__dict__', '__doc__',
    '__init__', '__module__', '__new__', '__slots__',
    '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '__class_getitem__',
    '__match_args__', '__static_attributes__', '__firstlineno__',
    '__annotate__',
})


# These special attributes will be not collected as protocol members.
EXCLUDED_ATTRIBUTES = _TYPING_INTERNALS | _SPECIAL_NAMES | {'_MutableMapping__marker'}

However, neither PEP 544 nor the typing spec formalize this list, which leads to diverging behavior between different type checkers:

Code sample in pyright playground, mypy playground

from typing import TypeIs, Protocol

class MyProtocol(Protocol):
    @classmethod
    def __subclasshook__(cls, other: type, /) -> TypeIs[type["MyProtocol"]]:
        ...

x: MyProtocol = int(1)  # mypy: ✅ pyright: ❌

Code sample in pyright playground, mypy playground

from typing import Protocol

class MyProtocol(Protocol):
    __abstractmethods__: frozenset[str]
    
x: MyProtocol = int(1)  # mypy: ✅ pyright: ❌

A real-world example where this matters is for instance a Protocol for NamedTuple Instances, that checks whether types.get_original_bases(cls) includes typing.NamedTuple inside __subclasshook__.

Start with the EXCLUDED_ATTRIBUTES definition in Lib/typing.py and compare it with PEP 544, the typing specification, and the linked pyright and mypy examples. Determine which Protocol members require formal specification and document the intended behavior so the differing checker results have a clear resolution.