Add self-reporting of PEP 425 tags to sysconfig

Feature or enhancement

Add pep425_python_tag(), pep425_abi_tag() and pep425_platform_tag() functions to sysconfig so the interpreter can self report.

Pitch

(Explain why this feature or enhancement should be implemented and how it would be used.
Add examples, if applicable.)

PEP 425 proposed three compatibility tags for wheel name formats: "python tag", "abi tag" and "platform tag". These are used when generating the name of a wheel to upload to PyPI and in selecting a wheel to install. Over time generation of these tags was delegated to pypa/packaging/tags.py which probes the current interpreter for information using various heuristics to generate the proper tags. This should be the job of the interpreter to self report.

Previous discussion

This came out of this comment in a PR to change the abi-tag determination, and also would provide the interfaces requested in this PR, this PR, and maybe even this pr.

Beginne mit dem Lesen des PEP 425-Links und der referenzierten Implementierung von packaging/tags.py. Untersuche anschließend das vorhandene sysconfig-Modul und seine Tests. Lege fest, wie die drei vorgeschlagenen sysconfig-Funktionen Interpreter-Kompatibilitätstags melden sollen, und berücksichtige die verknüpften packaging-Anforderungen, bevor du die Arbeit als abgeschlossen betrachtest.