Add structured version info for sqlite3

Feature or enhancement

sqlite3.sqlite_version and sqlite3.sqlite_version_info only describe the SQLite library loaded at runtime. There is no way to learn the version of the library that the module was built against, which can differ.

Following gh-117404, add sqlite3.SQLITE_VERSION and sqlite3.SQLITE_VERSION_INFO for the build-time version, and make sqlite3.sqlite_version_info a named tuple.

Linked PRs

• gh-157471

首先阅读 gh-117404，并检查现有的 sqlite3.sqlite_version 和 sqlite3.sqlite_version_info 入口点。将所请求的构建时常量和命名元组形状与 gh-157471 中关联的工作进行比较；完成的标准是两个构建时值都已公开，并且运行时版本信息具有所请求的结构。