tarfile leaks ValueError instead of InvalidHeaderError for a malformed GNU sparse pax number

Bug description:

When a pax extended header carries a malformed GNU sparse number, tarfile parses it with a bare int() and lets the ValueError escape to the caller, unlike the GNU sparse 0.0 handler which reports such corruption as tarfile.InvalidHeaderError.

import tarfile
tarfile.TarInfo("x")._apply_pax_info(
    {"GNU.sparse.size": "x"}, "utf-8", "strict")   # ValueError

Reporting InvalidHeaderError makes the reader stop at the bad member like the 0.0 format does; a maintainer may prefer to raise instead, so the direction is open.

CPython versions tested on:

3.13, 3.14, 3.15

Operating systems tested on:

macOS

Linked PRs

• gh-153637

从 TarInfo._apply_pax_info 开始，使用 issue 中格式错误的 GNU.sparse.size 示例，并查看链接的 PR gh-153637 以了解当前方向。确认针对格式错误的 GNU sparse pax number 所选择的处理符合预期行为，并且不再泄漏出意外的裸 ValueError。