Build SQLite with SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE for Windows and CPython-3.15+

Feature or enhancement

Proposal:

For Windows, CPython-3.15 requires SQLite-3.53.2. Since 3.51.0, the aggregate functions median and percentile are part of SQLite's amalgamation. I believe that this means that they are found to be mature. To have them available at run-time, SQLite needs to be built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE. Python's PCBuild activates a few built-in extensions of SQLite, but not this one yet.
Inserting SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE here might be everything needed.

Has this already been discussed elsewhere?

This is a minor feature, which does not need previous discussion elsewhere

Links to previous discussion of this feature:

I have not found previous discussions on this topic.

This discussion is about the ability to load SQLite extension modules at run-time, which is somehow related, as it can be used as an (inconvenient) fallback.

Another fallback is to implement these statistical functions in Python and bind them to a data base connection. This works, but is slower than having them built into SQLite (76s vs. 68s in my non-repesentative query).

Linked PRs

• gh-153867
• gh-153869
• gh-155101
• gh-156048
• gh-156446
• gh-156448

从 PCbuild/sqlite3.vcxproj 中 issue 引用的 SQLite 编译定义开始，并检查 CPython 如何为 Windows 启用 SQLite 扩展。使用链接的 PRs 了解当前的实现和验证，并确认 Windows 构建在运行时公开 SQLite 的中位数和百分位数函数。