Decide on fate of missing C23 math.h functions

Feature or enhancement

Proposal:

With https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/150534 it seems that sinpi et all will be landed in the math module. Lets discuss here remaining functions, coming with C23:

• exp10 - The exp10 functions compute the base-10 exponential of x.
• exp2m1 - The exp2m1 functions compute the base-2 exponential of the argument, minus 1.
• exp10m1 - The exp10m1 functions compute the base-10 exponential of the argument, minus 1.
• log2p1 - The log2p1 functions compute the base-2 logarithm of 1 plus the argument.
• log10p1 - The log10p1 functions compute the base-10 logarithm of 1 plus the argument.
• logp1 - alias of log1p, should we consider renaming?
• rootn - The rootn functions compute the principal nth root of x.
• rsqrt - The rsqrt functions compute the reciprocal of the nonnegative square root of the argument.

For completeness, cases that can change semantics of pow():

• pown - The pown functions compute x raised to the nth power.
• powr - The powr functions compute x raised to the power y as e**(y*log(x)).

References:

• n1946.pdf
• C23 standard

CC @picnixz, @rhettinger, @tim-one

I think that missing exp/log functions are good addition on same ground, as existing functions. log1p can be soft-deprecated (I don't think it worth considering deviations in naming like log1p2 and log1p10). I'm less certain about rootn (seems useful, but I would prefer rather some cmath function, that can return any k-th from n roots) and rsqrt.

Consider this as a continuation of https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/135853.

Has this already been discussed elsewhere?

No response given

Links to previous discussion of this feature:

No response

先閱讀 Python math 模組的脈絡以及 issue 中連結的 C23 參考資料，然後檢視後續 issue #135853 與 #150534 中的討論。目前這項工作尚未達到可以實作的程度：完成的標準是就 Python 應採用所列出的哪些函式、命名變更或語意變更作出決定。