Decide on fate of missing C23 math.h functions

Feature or enhancement

Proposal:

With https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/150534 it seems that sinpi et all will be landed in the math module. Lets discuss here remaining functions, coming with C23:

• exp10 - The exp10 functions compute the base-10 exponential of x.
• exp2m1 - The exp2m1 functions compute the base-2 exponential of the argument, minus 1.
• exp10m1 - The exp10m1 functions compute the base-10 exponential of the argument, minus 1.
• log2p1 - The log2p1 functions compute the base-2 logarithm of 1 plus the argument.
• log10p1 - The log10p1 functions compute the base-10 logarithm of 1 plus the argument.
• logp1 - alias of log1p, should we consider renaming?
• rootn - The rootn functions compute the principal nth root of x.
• rsqrt - The rsqrt functions compute the reciprocal of the nonnegative square root of the argument.

For completeness, cases that can change semantics of pow():

• pown - The pown functions compute x raised to the nth power.
• powr - The powr functions compute x raised to the power y as e**(y*log(x)).

References:

• n1946.pdf
• C23 standard

CC @picnixz, @rhettinger, @tim-one

I think that missing exp/log functions are good addition on same ground, as existing functions. log1p can be soft-deprecated (I don't think it worth considering deviations in naming like log1p2 and log1p10). I'm less certain about rootn (seems useful, but I would prefer rather some cmath function, that can return any k-th from n roots) and rsqrt.

Consider this as a continuation of https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/135853.

Has this already been discussed elsewhere?

No response given

Links to previous discussion of this feature:

No response

Start by reading the Python math module context and the C23 references linked in the issue, then review the continuation issue #135853 and the discussion in #150534. The work is not yet implementation-ready: done means reaching a decision about which listed functions, naming changes, or semantic changes Python should adopt.