`test_profiling` sometimes times out under TSan

We don't currently run test_profiling in the TSan CI, but the context is that I'm trying to get the entire test suite running under thread sanitizer (TSan).

Some of the tests in test_profiling fail to attach in time when run with thread sanitizer, because the sanitizer makes everything slower. This is especially the case when running tests in parallel with -j.

Here's a example:

ERROR: test_run_failed_script_live (test.test_profiling.test_sampling_profiler.test_live_collector_ui.TestLiveModeErrors.test_run_failed_script_live)
Test that running a failing script exits with clean error.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/sgross/tsan-cpython/Lib/profiling/sampling/cli.py", line 279, in _run_with_sync
    _wait_for_ready_signal(sync_sock, process, _SYNC_TIMEOUT_SEC)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/sgross/tsan-cpython/Lib/profiling/sampling/cli.py", line 223, in _wait_for_ready_signal
    raise socket.timeout("timed out")
TimeoutError: timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/sgross/tsan-cpython/Lib/profiling/sampling/cli.py", line 1110, in _handle_live_run
    process = _run_with_sync(cmd, suppress_output=True)
  File "/home/sgross/tsan-cpython/Lib/profiling/sampling/cli.py", line 289, in _run_with_sync
    raise RuntimeError(
        "Process failed to signal readiness within timeout"
    )
RuntimeError: Process failed to signal readiness within timeout

I think the problem is that the the _SYNC_TIMEOUT_SEC of 5 seconds isn't enough in this case:

https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/4f9a8d075ee52b8f56aca14102c8bf9fd6f3c512/Lib/profiling/sampling/cli.py#L78

Here are some options to consider:

1. Make _SYNC_TIMEOUT_SEC configurable via a command line option and specify a larger value for the tests (i.e., SHORT_TIMEOUT)
2. Make _SYNC_TIMEOUT_SEC configurable via environment variable
3. Skip these tests under TSan
4. ???

cc @pablogsal

从 Lib/profiling/sampling/cli.py 中的 _SYNC_TIMEOUT_SEC 和 _wait_for_ready_signal 开始，然后检查失败的 test_profiling 用例 test_run_failed_script_live。在 TSan 下运行 profiling 测试，包括使用 -j 并行执行，并对照现有测试中针对 sanitizer 特定行为的约定。完成的标准是受影响的测试能够在 TSan 下可靠完成，同时不削弱正常的测试覆盖率。