functools.cached_property doc warnings about key-sharing are obsolete

Documentation

The documentation for functools.cached_property currently says "this decorator interferes with the operation of PEP 412 key-sharing dictionaries. This means that instance dictionaries can take more space than usual." This warning is no longer accurate as of Python 3.12; dict key-sharing is now resilient to instance attributes being created in different orders across different instances of the same type, as happens with cached properties; this no longer causes keys to become unshared for the type. The different keys are just appended to the shared keys for the type and some instances may store a NULL for some keys.

It remains true that cached_property can cause instances to use slightly more memory, but the reason for this has changed (and the extra memory used will be significantly less.) The new reason is that any access of __dict__ on an instance will force creation of a real dictionary object for that instance, rather than just a PyDictValues. The keys remain shared in the created dict, though. So the added memory use is no longer "all the keys" but rather just "a PyDictObject" (which consists of only three fields.)

I'll file a PR to update the wording in the docs so that it is accurate to the new behavior.

(Accessing __dict__ in cached_property is probably not strictly required, but that's a topic for a separate issue/PR.)

Linked PRs

• gh-101816

Revise a redação da documentação de functools.cached_property e do PR vinculado gh-101816, usando como contexto a descrição da issue sobre o comportamento de compartilhamento de chaves no Python 3.12. A tarefa estará concluída quando o aviso obsoleto sobre PEP 412 for substituído por uma explicação precisa do impacto restante na memória.