Improve how we handle active "good first issue" issues

Problem

I’m concerned that good first issue (https://github.com/nodejs/node/labels/good%20first%20issue) issues get spammed so heavily that we may become less likely to use the label at all. Which I think is already happening.

That would be a bad outcome, because it could quietly raise the barrier for new contributors. A genuine contributor may see several open PRs and a long comment thread, assume the issue is already taken, and move on.

One example is https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/60884, where people continue opening PRs or asking to work on it despite several PRs already being open.

To be clear, the goal is not to prevent multiple PRs. It is to keep good first issue useful as an entry point for genuine new contributors.

Potential improvements

I checked how some other large repositories handle this and found a few approaches worth considering. I'd be happy to hear other approaches though.

1. Use a different label

Some repositories use less well-known labels instead of good first issue, such as Rust’s [E-easy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues?q=sort%3Aupdated-desc%20is%3Aissue%20state%3Aopen%20label%3AE-easy).

Since good first issue is heavily targeted by bots and automated searches, using a different label could reduce some of that noise.

2. Remove the label once there is an active PR

Godot does this: the good first issue label is removed while there is an active PR that appears to solve the issue.

We could start by doing this manually and potentially automate it later based on linked PR status.

3. Add a claim system

Rust uses [@rustbot claim](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md) to let contributors claim issues.

I like this option less because of the risk of people claiming issues and disappearing, but claims could expire after a few days unless there is an open PR or visible progress.

Überprüfe das aktuelle Label good first issue und das Beispiel in issue #60884, und vergleiche anschließend die vorgeschlagenen Ansätze: ein anderes Label, das Entfernen des Labels, sobald ein aktiver PR existiert, oder ein Anspruchssystem. Prüfe die verlinkten Godot- und Rust-Leitfäden auf relevante Workflow-Details. Als erledigt gilt, einen vereinbarten Ansatz für Node.js auszuwählen und zu dokumentieren; bisher wurde noch kein Ansatz ausgewählt.