Tracking issue: compile cache

Follow up to https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/47472 . Some items that can be investigated:

• Initial implementation, enabled via NODE_COMPILE_CACHE environment variable: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/52535
• Exposing an API for user code to control the caching https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/54501
• An API for flushing the cache: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/54971
• Support relative/portable cache: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/58797
• Embedder API for configuring the storage
• Support reading a list of files to generate cache ahead of time: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/58482
• Idle-time cache serialization like what Blink does, to avoid penalizing the first load
• Other hashing algorithm (CRC32 may be good enough for our use case. In the initial implementation, it was chosen because it can be used on no-crypto builds and fast enough. For reference, ccache has used md4 and later BLAKE2b -> BLAKE3)
• Other directory layout (splitting the cache for each file and read on the fly seems to be fast enough and I don't really see I/O showing up in the profile anyway) or using a db (if/when we implement Web Storage?)
• Inode caching like https://github.com/ccache/ccache/pull/577 (note that CRC32 also barely shows up in the profile, it may not worth the complexity).
• Avoid UTF8 transcoding by directly reading the source code as buffer from disk (this needs to dance with CJS loader monkey patching)
• Move the flushing operations off-thread so that they can be done as soon as the code cache is ready and can be done concurrently https://github.com/joyeecheung/node/tree/parallel-compile-cache (this likely tanks the performance for simpler use cases)
• Implement TS -> JS caching https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/54741

从链接的后续 issue 47472 以及此 tracking issue 中尚未勾选的 compile-cache 项开始。选择一项具体的调查，例如 embedder API 或提前生成缓存，然后在为该项定义完成标准之前，确定相关的 Node.js 入口点和测试。目前该 issue 没有提供任何文件路径或测试路径，因此必须先确定范围。