Improved orchestrator and activity input/output handling

Background

The current TaskOrchestration and TaskActivity interfaces require implementations to use the context object to receive inputs. Consider the following example (copied from the integration tests):

final String orchestratorName = "SingleActivity";
final String activityName = "Echo";
final String input = Instant.now().toString();
DurableTaskGrpcWorker worker = this.createWorkerBuilder()
    .addOrchestrator(orchestratorName, ctx -> {
        String activityInput = ctx.getInput(String.class);
        String output = ctx.callActivity(activityName, activityInput, String.class).get();
        ctx.complete(output);
    })
    .addActivity(activityName, ctx -> {
        return String.format("Hello, %s!", ctx.getInput(String.class));
    })
    .buildAndStart();

This design, while it works, has a few issues:

1. The fetching of inputs is not type-safe because the call to ctx.getInput(String.class) could fail if the input isn't actually a string.
2. The call to ctx.getInput() isn't intuitive, making the programming model harder for developers to learn.
3. The call to ctx.complete(output) is both unintuitive and inconsistent with how activity functions are defined.

This issue tracks improving the programming model to make processing inputs and outputs more intuitive and type-safe.

Proposal

The proposal is to change these interface definitions so that a developer could write the following, simpler orchestration and activity implementations:

final String orchestratorName = "SingleActivity";
final String activityName = "Echo";
final String input = Instant.now().toString();
DurableTaskGrpcWorker worker = this.createWorkerBuilder()
    .addOrchestrator(orchestratorName, (ctx, activityInput) -> {
        return ctx.callActivity(activityName, activityInput, String.class).get();
    })
    .addActivity(activityName, (ctx, name) -> {
        return String.format("Hello, %s!", name);
    })
    .buildAndStart();

The differences are:

• The orchestrator and activity functions have the input passed to them explicitly.
• The orchestrator can use the return value to set the output.

This results in a simpler, more intuitive programming model and is also consistent with the proposed C# programming model.

首先查看 TaskOrchestration 和 TaskActivity 接口，以及 issue 中引用的集成测试示例。跟踪输入和输出当前如何通过上下文流转，然后更新编程模型，使实现接收类型化输入并按所示返回输出；集成测试应演示提议的用法。