Support for Import Maps

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### 🔍 Search Terms

import, map, path, alias, scope

### ✅ Viability Checklist

- [x] This wouldn't be a breaking change in existing TypeScript/JavaScript code
- [x] This wouldn't change the runtime behavior of existing JavaScript code
- [x] This could be implemented without emitting different JS based on the types of the expressions
- [x] This isn't a runtime feature (e.g. library functionality, non-ECMAScript syntax with JavaScript output, new syntax sugar for JS, etc.)
- [x] This isn't a request to add a new utility type: https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/No-New-Utility-Types
- [x] This feature would agree with the rest of our Design Goals: https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/TypeScript-Design-Goals

### ⭐ Suggestion

I'm curious to hear thoughts on introducing an `importMap` option in `compilerOptions`.

Some initial thoughts:

- Import maps are a WICG standard.
- They can effectively replace `paths` for most use cases.
- They're supported by Deno.
- Projects with colocated Node and Deno workspaces could leverage the same source of truth regarding imports/aliases.
- Import maps provide the ability to configure `scopes` (extremely useful in my experience)

### 📃 Motivating Example

Every project that utilizes import maps.

### 💻 Use Cases

1. What do you want to use this for?

Simplifying my configuration in projects that contain both Node and Deno workspaces.

2. What shortcomings exist with current approaches?

One needs to re-specify their aliases in numerous places.

3. What workarounds are you using in the meantime?

N/A

Beginne damit, die bestehende Behandlung von compilerOptions für paths und das module-resolution-Verhalten zu lesen, das import maps beeinflussen würden. Vergleiche die vorgeschlagene importMap-Option mit import-map-Aliases und -Scopes und definiere vor der Implementierung die unterstützte Konfiguration und das Kompatibilitätsverhalten; abgeschlossen bedeutet ein geprüftes Design mit Abdeckung des genannten Node- und Deno-Workspace-Anwendungsfalls.

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