Narrowed `const` variables are widened in block-scoped closures

### 🔎 Search Terms

narrowing, cfa, closure,

### 🕗 Version & Regression Information

- This is the behavior in every version I tried, and I reviewed the FAQ for entries about n/a

### ⏯ Playground Link

https://www.typescriptlang.org/play/?noUncheckedIndexedAccess=true&target=99&ts=5.8.0-dev.20250209#code/CYUwxgNghgTiAEYD2A7AzgF3mgXNjMAligOYDcAUBYQGbwAUa8AvK-AOQ1JLsCU8AbwrwRiVJmwBBCIShNm2SqPg0ArijAZCqeACMowevyHLlydFi5I8nbuxaLhogL5VlajVp0luh409MxCxVuGyt7BTRpWTQlFwpXChAADwAHJBgsAWcgA

### 💻 Code

```ts
declare const s: string;

if (s === 'foo') {
function bad() {
const foo: 'foo' = s;
}
}

// in non-strict code bad() might be accessible outside of the narrowed branch,
// so make sure we're strict
export {}
```

### 🙁 Actual behavior

error trying to use the variable as its narrowed value.

### 🙂 Expected behavior

No error. `bad()` is a local function only reachable within the scope in which `s` has been definitely narrowed to `'foo'`.

### Additional Information

Found organically in https://github.com/typescript-eslint/typescript-eslint/pull/10182#discussion_r1948337564 (with a narrowed member access corollary)

Comienza con la reproducción vinculada de TypeScript Playground y el ejemplo de código que muestra un const estrechado dentro de una función con ámbito de bloque. Sigue cómo se gestiona el estrechamiento del flujo de control para las declaraciones de funciones locales y verifica que el ejemplo ya no informe de ningún error, preservando el comportamiento de strict-mode descrito en el issue.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.