Array method definition revamp: Use case collection

We've gotten numerous issue reports and PRs to change the methods of Array, particularly reduce, map, and filter. The built-in test suite doesn't cover these very well, and these methods interact with each other and the surrounding contextual type in fairly subtle ways.

@jablko has done a great job at #33645 collecting a variety of issues into a single PR; we need to augment this PR (or something like this) with a proper test suite so we can be sure about what's being changed.

I'd like to create a clearinghouse issue here to collect self-contained (I CANNOT POSSIBLY STRESS THIS ENOUGH, SELF-CONTAINED, DO NOT IMPORT FROM RXJS OR WHAT HAVE YOU) code samples that make use of the array methods.

Please include with your snippet:

• Compiler settings
• Compiler version you were testing with
• The expected behavior (examples that should and should not produce errors are both useful)
• No imports or exports; snippets need to be self-contained so that we can put them into our test suite without extra complications

Once we've established a critical mass of code snippets, we can start combining the existing PRs into an all-up revamp and assess its impact to real-world code suites to figure out which changes don't result in unacceptable breaking changes.

ｓｅｌｆ－ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｅｄ

首先查看 issue #36554 中收集的示例和相关 PR #33645，重点关注 Array 方法 reduce、map 和 filter。只添加包含编译器设置、编译器版本和预期诊断信息的自包含代码片段；当已有足够广泛的测试集合来指导所提议的改进时，即可完成。