JSON type

Search Terms

• JSON

Suggestion

Type annotation for JSON in a string.

Use Cases

Let's say you have a string which contains valid JSON object, like so:

const json = '{"hello": "world"}';

How can you type annotate the json variable? Currently, you can mark it as a string:

const json: string = '{"hello": "world"}';

Instead there could be some TypeScript language feature that helps with typing JSON in a string more precisely, for example:

const json: JSON {hello: string} = '{"hello": "world"}';

Examples

Specify that string contains valid JSON.

let json: JSON any;
let json: JSON; // shorthand

Add typings to an HTTP response body.

let responseBody: JSON {ping: 'pong'} = '{"ping": "pong"}';

Add type safety to JSON.parse() method.

let responseBody: JSON {ping: 'pong'} = '{"ping": "pong"}';
let {ping} = JSON.parse(responseBody);
typeof ping // 'pong'

JSON cannot contain complex types.

type Stats = JSON {mtime: Date}; // Error: Date is not a valid JSON type.

Doubly serialized JSON.

let response: JSON {body: string} = '{"body": "{\"userId\": 123}"}';
let fetchUserResponse: JSON {body: JSON {userId: number}} = response;

Get type of serialized JSON string using jsontype keyword.

type Response = JSON {body: string, headers: object};
type ResponseJson = jsontype Response; // {body: string, headers: object}
type ResponseBody = ResponseJson['body']; // string
type ResponseBody = (jsontype Response)['body']; // string

Specify that variable is JSON-serializable.

let serializable: jsontype JSON = {hello: 'world'};
JSON.serialize(serializable); // OK

let nonserializable: object = {hello: 'world'};
JSON.serialize(nonserializable); // Error: 'nonserializable' might not be serializable.

Checklist

My suggestion meets these guidelines:

• This wouldn't be a breaking change in existing TypeScript / JavaScript code
• This wouldn't change the runtime behavior of existing JavaScript code
• This could be implemented without emitting different JS based on the types of the expressions
• This isn't a runtime feature (e.g. new expression-level syntax)

Syntax Alternatives

type ResponseRaw = JSON {ping: 'pong'};
type ResponseRaw = json {ping: 'pong'};
type ResponseRaw = string {ping: 'pong'};
type ResponseRaw = json_string {ping: 'pong'};
type ResponseRaw = JSON<{ping: 'pong'}>;
type ResponseRaw = JSON({ping: 'pong'});

type Response = jsontype Response; // {ping: 'pong'}
type Response = typeof Response; // {ping: 'pong'}
type Response = parsed(Response); // {ping: 'pong'}

Es werden keine Dateien, Tests oder Einstiegspunkte genannt. Beginne damit, die vorgeschlagene JSON-Annotation und die jsontype-Syntax anhand der aufgeführten TypeScript-Einschränkungen zu überprüfen; abgeschlossen wäre dies mit einem abgestimmten Design, das JSON-Gültigkeit, die Typisierung von JSON.parse und Serialisierung abdeckt.