matplotlib / matplotlib/basemap

pcolormesh does not work with south pole ortho projection

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Python
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Description

The north pole works fine when setting lat_0=90 but when setting lat_0=-90 it doesn't work. The data shown in the southern projection is nonsense.

Related to #347 and #350 but the workaround described there for the "stereo" projection does not work for the "ortho" projection.

Code to replicate:

```
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

lons = np.arange(-179.95, 180.01, 0.1)
lats = np.arange(-89.95, 90.01, 0.1)

# m = Basemap(projection='ortho', lon_0=-270, lat_0=-90., resolution='c')
m = Basemap(projection='ortho', lon_0=0, lat_0=90., resolution='c')
data = np.random.random((1800, 3600))
lons, lats = np.meshgrid(lons, lats)
x, y = m(lons, lats)

# data = np.ma.masked_where((x < m.xmin) | (x > m.xmax) | (y < m.ymin) | (y > m.ymax), data)

im = m.pcolormesh(x, y, data, latlon=False, cmap='RdBu')

m.colorbar(im)
m.drawcoastlines()
m.drawcountries()
plt.show()
```

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First steps

  1. Read the whole issue, then the project's contributing guide.
  2. Comment on the issue to say you are picking it up — it saves two people doing the same work.
  3. Fork the repository and make your change on a branch.
  4. Open a pull request that references the issue number.

Research direction

Start with the supplied Basemap ortho projection reproduction, comparing lat_0=90 with lat_0=-90 through the pcolormesh path. Review related issues #347 and #350, then verify that the southern projection displays the data correctly without breaking the existing northern projection behavior.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.

Assessment

Tech stack
matplotlib, numpy, python
Domain
data-visualization
Issue type
Bug
Difficulty
4/5
Estimated time
3-5 days
Activity status
Stale
Clarity
Mostly clear
Newbie friendliness
35/100

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